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Ex situ conservation
Ex situ conservation means literally, "off-site conservation". It is the process of protecting an endangered species of plant or animal outside its natural habitat; for example, by removing part of the population from a threatened habitat and placing it in a new location, which may be a wild area or within the care of humans. While ''ex situ'' conservation comprises some of the oldest and best known conservation methods, it also involves newer, sometimes controversial laboratory methods.
==Colony relocation==
The best method of maximizing a species chance of survival (when ''ex situ'' methods are required) is by relocating part of the population to a less threatened location. It is extremely difficult to mimic the environment of the original colony location given the large number of variables defining the original colony (microclimate, soils, symbiotic species, absence of severe predation, etc.). It is also technically challenging to uproot (in the case of plants) or trap (in the case of animals) the required organisms without undue harm.
An example of colony relocation in the wild is the case of the endangered Santa Cruz Tarweed, a new colony of which was discovered during a mid-1980s survey at the site of a proposed shopping center in western Contra Costa County in California. Once the city of Pinole had decided to approve the shopping center, the city relied on a relocation plan developed by Earth Metrics scientists to remove the entire colony to a nearby location immediately east of Interstate Highway 80 within the Caltrans right-of-way〔Deghi, Gary ''et al.'' (1986) ''Final Environmental Impact Report of the Pinole Valley Shopping Center'', City of Pinole, Earth Metrics Incorporated, California Environmental Clearinghouse.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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